SFP 20220377 Mustard progress report 2024
This project was initiated to define upper and lower limits of applied nitrogen fertilizer and an optimal seeding rate to maximize yield of composite yellow mustard (AAC Yellow 80) compared to an open pollinated variety (Andante). The current recommended seeding rate for open pollinated mustard varieties is a target plant stand of 7 to 11 plants/ft2. However, it is expected that the optimal seed and nitrogen rate for composite mustard may be different. To evaluate this, small-plot research trials were established in three different soil zones in Saskatchewan including Swift Current (WCA), Indian Head (IHARF) and Redvers (SERF). The project was comprised of two separate trials that included both AAC Yellow 80 and Andante yellow mustard. The first trial evaluated each variety at increasing nitrogen rates of 0, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 lbs/ac (soil residual + nitrogen applied as urea). The second trial included each variety with balanced fertility at increasing seed rates of 108, 150, 194, 237, and 280 seeds/m2. Data collection included plant density, vigor ratings, plant height, lodging, days to maturity, and seed yield. Nitrogen uptake was limited by moisture in each region. However, AAC Yellow 80 has indicated strong nitrogen use efficiency compared to Andante. AAC Yellow 80 also the ability to compensate with increased branching at a lower plant stand and appears to be successful at a lower seed rate than expected; possibly lower than treatments included in this project, especially in the dry brown soil zone. The field trial will be repeated for the third year and the project will be completed after the 2025 growing season.